How does a camshaft affect engine operation?

The camshaft plays a crucial role in the operation of an internal combustion engine by controlling the timing of the opening and closing of the engine's valves. This timing is critical for the engine's performance, as it determines the precise moments when air-fuel mixtures enter the combustion chamber and exhaust gases exit.

The camshaft is driven by the engine's crankshaft and uses lobes that push against the valve lifters, causing the valves to open at specific intervals. Proper timing ensures that the engine breathes efficiently, allowing for optimal power output and fuel efficiency. When the valves open and close at the correct times, it maximizes the combustion process by enabling a proper intake of fuel and air and an effective expulsion of exhaust.

Knowing the pivotal role of the camshaft clarifies why it is essential for engine efficiency and performance, making it clear that controlling the timing of valve operation is its primary function in the engine.